Philips CDI 450
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| A CDI 450 at the Vintage Computer Festival Berlin, 2022 (photograph: Ubahnverleih, CC0) | |
| Specifications | |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | Philips Interactive Media Systems |
| Type | CD-i player (top-loading, consumer) |
| Released | 1994[1] |
| CPU | Philips SCC68070 (7210), clocked from a 30.0000 MHz (PAL) or 30.2098 MHz (NTSC) system clock[2][3] |
| Memory | 1 MB DRAM (two 512 KB banks); 8 KB NVRAM with real-time clock[2] |
| Storage | Compact disc (CDM12.1T mechanism)[4] |
| Display | Composite video (CVBS), 1 Vpp; up to 768 x 560 from the VDSC[5][2] |
| Sound | Stereo line out, 2 Vrms[5] |
| ROM | 4 Mbit 27C400 system ROM[2] |
| Power | External switch-mode supply 20PS301 (22ER9156): +5 V and -5 V[6] |
| Dimensions | 299 x 67 x 190 mm (lid closed)[5] |
| Weight | 1.21 kg without the Digital Video Cartridge[5] |
| OS / Firmware | CD-RTOS[7] |
| Model no. | CDI 450/00, /05, /11, /17[4] |
The Philips CDI 450 is a top-loading CD-i player that Philips introduced in 1994 as a low-cost model. It has no disc drawer, no infrared receiver and no front-panel display, and it is built on a highly integrated main board that Philips called Roboco.[8][9] The player runs from an external switch-mode power supply.[10] The CDI 550 is the same player with the Digital Video Cartridge already fitted, and the North American models were sold under the Magnavox name.[4][8]
History
[edit | edit source]Philips showed the 400 series at the Consumer Electronics Show in Chicago in June 1994. Wikipedia, citing the November 1994 issue of Philips's CD-i magazine, gives the 450's Dutch price as 799 guilders.[1] The New International CD-i Association (ICDIA) describes the 450 as Philips's answer to video game systems of similar design and price.[8]
The Philips service manual covering the CDI 450/00, /05, /11 and /17 was published in June 1994 (code P.S. 0694). Its cover lists the North American CDI450/17 as the "CDI450 BK" and the CDI550 as the "CDI550 DV", serviced under US service manual 5520.[4] The Magnavox operating instructions for the CDI450 and CDI550 are dated 1994.[11]
Versions
[edit | edit source]| Type number | Sold as | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| CDI 450/00 | Philips CDI 450 | Europe; 8 KB NVRAM, CDM 12.1T, Roboco board |
| CDI 450/03 | Magnavox CDI 5000 | European Magnavox version |
| CDI 450/17 | Magnavox CDI 450 | North American version |
| CDI 450/80, /84 | GoldStar GDI-1000 | OEM version sold by LG Electronics |
| CDI 450/81, /82, /85, /86 | GoldStar GDI-750 | OEM version sold by LG Electronics |
| CDI 450/83 | Highscreen | OEM version sold by the Vobis computer chain |
| CDI 550/00 | Philips CDI 550 | CDI 450 with the Digital Video Cartridge installed |
ICDIA lists version /05 as the UK suffix and /17 as the US suffix in Philips's numbering, with /11 for Japan.[12] Retrostuff, a CD-i repair site, opened a Philips CDI 550/00 and found a CDI 450 main board inside, labelled 3104 128 0248 CDI450. The 22ER9956 cartridge's own installation guide shows how to fit it to a 450.[13]
Hardware
[edit | edit source]The CDI 450's main panel holds every function on one board. Philips's service manual describes its key components as follows.[2][14]
| Position | Part | Function |
|---|---|---|
| 7210 | SCC68070CCA84 | Microcontroller (CPU with UART, I²C bus, two DMA channels and memory management) |
| 7125 | VDSC | Video decoder and system controller: DRAM controller, ROM chip selects, watchdog, display up to 768 x 560 with a 256-colour look-up table |
| 7110, 7118 | HM514270ATT-7 | DRAM, 1 MB in two banks of 512 KB |
| 7240 | 27C400 | 4 Mbit system ROM: boot code, operating system, drivers and the player shell |
| 7241 | MK48T08B15 | NVRAM (8K x 8 SRAM) and timekeeper clock |
| 7201 | IKAT (MC68HC05I8) | Servo and slave processor: chip selects for the DSIC2 and CD60, the pointing-device port and the player keys; 4 MHz |
| 7310 | CIAP 1.5 | CD interface and audio processor: ADPCM audio decoding and mixing, link between the CD and CD-i parts; 33.8688 MHz |
| 7401 | TDA1301T (DSIC2) | Digital servo controller; 8.46 MHz |
| 7510 | CD60 | CD decoder and spindle motor control |
| 7160 | BT9106KPJ (CALVIN) | Digital RGB to video encoder, PAL and NTSC |
| 7301, 7302 | PAL 16L8-10, PAL 16L4-10 | Glue logic and chip selects |
Retrostuff calls Roboco a feature-reduced variant of the Mono III main board. It has photographed two PAL board revisions: 3104 123 4090.4, the revision drawn in the service manual, which came with system ROM R1.1, and 3104 123 4090.6, which came with R1.3 and has extra resistor positions below the video encoder and an unpopulated IC footprint between the CPU and the ROM.[13] A third ROM, R1.4 (ROM ID 50), is listed in its NVRAM upgrade article.[15] The same site groups the 450 with the 550, the Magnavox 5000 and 9000 and the GoldStar GDI-750 and GDI-1000 as Roboco players, all with the CDM 12.1T mechanism and the 20PS301 power supply.[16]
Ports and controls
[edit | edit source]The front of the player has the disc cover, the ON/OFF button, the input port, the power ON/READ IN indicator and the Digital Video Cartridge cover. The rear has DC IN, a DC OUT socket for the external RF modulator only, the left and right audio outputs and the composite video output.[10]
| Pin | Signal | Direction |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | rxd1 | In |
| 2 | rxd2 | In |
| 3 | txd1/tx2 | Out |
| 4 | rts1 | Out |
| 5 | Ground | - |
| 6 | cts | In |
| 7 | rts2 | Out |
| 8 | +5 V (150 mA maximum) | Out |
The single input port takes one pointing device, or two devices through the 22ER9208 splitter, and pointing devices at 1200 baud are supported.[5][11] ICDIA classes the 450's port as type C: one pointing device, or two devices or a pointing device and an RS-232 device with a splitter.[9]
Specifications
[edit | edit source]| Item | Philips service manual (Europe) | Magnavox operating instructions (USA) |
|---|---|---|
| Discs | CD-i, CD-DA, Photo CD, CD-i Ready, CD Bridge, CD+Graphics | |
| Supply | 220-230 V 50 Hz (Europe), 240 V 50 Hz (UK), 100 V 50-60 Hz (Japan), 120 V 60 Hz (USA) | 120 V AC 60 Hz |
| Power consumption | 30 W with, 23 W without Digital Video Cartridge (given as 22ER9144) | 28 W with, 21 W without Digital Video Cartridge (22ER9956) |
| Operating temperature | 5 to 35 °C | |
| Humidity | 5 to 95 % (no condensation) | |
| Weight | 1.21 kg without extension | 1.46 kg with, 1.21 kg without Digital Video Cartridge |
| Dimensions (w x h x d) | 299 x 67 x 190 mm lid closed; the US manual gives 299 x 183 x 190 mm with the lid open | |
| Video out | 1 Vpp into 75 ohms, negative sync, RCA socket | |
| Audio out | 2 Vrms, two RCA sockets | |
| Audio/power cable to the RF modulator | +5 V at up to 50 mA; mono audio at 1.55 Vrms | |
The two manuals disagree on power consumption and on the cartridge type. Both are given above.
Power supply
[edit | edit source]The CDI 450 has no internal mains supply. Philips's external unit, type 20PS301 (also numbered 22ER9156), connects through an RJ45 (8P8C) plug and gives +5 V at 3.3 A and -5 V at 0.25 A from a 110 to 240 V input. Pin 8 of the plug is an ON/OFF line that lets the player's own power button switch the supply.[6] The Magnavox manual says the supply adjusts itself to the local mains voltage and that US players must use type 20PS301/17.[10] Philips's parts list numbers the regional supplies 4822 214 52166 (/00), 52167 (/05), 52168 (/11) and 52169 (/17).[18]
Its main parts are the UC3842AN controller (7103), the STP6N60FI switching MOSFET (7102), the S1NB80 bridge rectifier (7101), a TL431 (7201), a CNX82A optocoupler (7106) and an MC79M05CT regulator (7202) for the -5 V output. Its mains fuse 1101 is a T500 mA L 250 V glass fuse, and MP400 fuses protect the outputs (1201 and 1203 on +5 V, 1202 on the -5 V side).[19][6] The capacitors are listed on the capacitor guide.
Documentation
[edit | edit source]- Compact disc interactive player CDI 450/00/05/11/17, Philips service manual, P.S. 0694, part number 4822 725 24741: hosted as File:Philips CDI 450 Service Manual.pdf.
- Magnavox CDI450 / CDI550 Operating Instructions, 1994: hosted as File:Magnavox CDI450 CDI550 Operating Instructions.pdf.
Both are described on Philips CDI 450 Documentation.
General maintenance
[edit | edit source]The parts that need attention on a CDI 450 now are the timekeeper NVRAM chip, whose internal battery runs down,[20] the CDM 12.1T mechanism and its laser sledge,[21] and the external power supply and its RJ45 plug.[6] See Philips CDI 450 General Maintenance.
Troubleshooting
[edit | edit source]The player has two built-in diagnostic tools, the Low Level Test and the Service Shell, and the service manual gives supply voltages and clock frequencies for the main panel.[7][22] See Philips CDI 450 Troubleshooting Guide.
Capacitor replacement
[edit | edit source]Philips's parts lists give the value and voltage of every electrolytic capacitor in the player and its power supply: 22 on the main panel and seven in the 20PS301 supply.[14][18] See Philips CDI 450 Capacitor Replacement Guide.
Gallery
[edit | edit source]-
CDI 450 with a gamepad at the Helsinki computer and games console museum, 2012 (photograph: MKFI, public domain) -
Exploded view of the cabinet and accessories (service manual, section 4.1) -
Main panel, component side (service manual, section 6.4.2) -
20PS301 power supply circuit (service manual, section 6.3.2)
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Related pages
[edit | edit source]- Philips CDI 450 General Maintenance
- Philips CDI 450 Troubleshooting Guide
- Philips CDI 450 Capacitor Replacement Guide
- Philips CDI 450 Documentation
- Philips CDI 470 and Philips CDI 490, the small Mono IV players of the same 400 range
- Capacitor Failure Symptoms
- Battery Explosion, Capacitor or Corrosion Damage
References
[edit | edit source]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Wikipedia, "CD-i", section on player models (retrieved 2026-10-20): the 400 series debuted at the Consumer Electronics Show in Chicago in June 1994, with the 450 retailing for 799 guilders in the Netherlands (citing Philips CD-i Magazine, November 1994).
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Philips, CDI 450 service manual, section 7.1 Short description of the key components (pp. PCS 72 139 and 72 140): SCC68070 CPU and its 30 MHz (PAL) and 30.2 MHz (NTSC) system clock, VDSC (DRAM interface; "for CD-i 450 this is 1 MByte spread over 2 DRAM banks of 512 kByte"; up to 768 x 560 resolution), 27C400 4 Mbit system ROM, IKAT MC68HC05I8, CIAP, NVRAM + clock (8K x 8 SRAM, time keeper), CALVIN, PALs, DSIC2 digital servo IC (8.46 MHz) and CD60 CD decoder with spindle motor control. Hosted as File:Philips CDI 450 Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Philips, CDI 450 service manual, section 7.3.2 Test of the clock signals (p. PCS 72 142): system clock 30.0000 MHz ± 50 ppm (PAL) or 30.2098 MHz ± 20 ppm (NTSC) at IC 7210 pin 30, and the clock divided by two at IC 7210 pin 29. Hosted as File:Philips CDI 450 Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Philips Service & Support, Interactive Media Systems, Compact disc interactive player CDI 450/00/05/11/17 service manual, P.S. 0694, part number 4822 725 24741, cover (p. PCS 72 118): North American models CDI450/17 = CDI450 BK and CDI550 = CDI550 DV, US service manual 5520; the CDI550 is a CDI450/17 with a built-in Digital Video Cartridge 22ER9956; Compact Disc Mechanism type CDM12, service code 4822 691 30343. Hosted as File:Philips CDI 450 Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 Philips, CDI 450 service manual, section 2.1 Technical specification (PDF p. 3): usable discs, power requirement by region, power consumption 30 W with and 23 W without Digital Video Cartridge (22ER9144), operating temperature, humidity, weight 1,210 kg, dimensions 299 x 67 x 190 mm, the 8-pin mini-DIN input pinout with +5 V at 150 mA, video and audio outputs and the audio/power cable. Hosted as File:Philips CDI 450 Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Retrostuff, "Philips CD-i Power Supply Units", 2024, updated 2026 (retrieved 2026-10-20), section 20PS301 (22ER9156): external supply for the CDI 450 and 550 with an RJ45 (8P8C) plug; input 110 to 240 V AC 50-60 Hz; output +5 V DC 3.3 A and -5 V DC 0.25 A; fuses 1101 T500mA L 250V, 1201 and 1203 MP400 (+5 V), 1202 MP400 (-5 V); pin 8 ON/OFF.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Philips, CDI 450 service manual, section 5.1 The Low Level Test (p. PCS 72 126): the test is built into the boot software of CD-RTOS and runs from a VT100 terminal on the input port. Hosted as File:Philips CDI 450 Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 The New International CD-i Association, "Philips consumer CD-i players" (retrieved 2026-10-20): the CDI 450 "had no drawer, no IR eye, and no FTD display", was based on the Roboco PCB and was sold in the US under the Magnavox brand.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 The New International CD-i Association, "Comparison table of all Philips and Philips-build consumer CD-i players" (retrieved 2026-10-20): CDI 450/00 and CDI 550/00 rows (shell, NV-RAM, DVC, I/O type, CDM, PCB), the OEM and brand table, and the I/O port definitions.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Philips Consumer Electronics (Magnavox), CDI450 / CDI550 Operating Instructions, pp. 8 and 9: front, side and rear of the player, the power supply (DC output and mains input), "the power supply automatically adjusts to the local power voltage", "For USA use type 20PS301/17". Hosted as File:Magnavox CDI450 CDI550 Operating Instructions.pdf.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Magnavox, CDI450 / CDI550 Operating Instructions, p. 20, Accessories: supplied power supply 22ER9156/17 and CD-i controller 22ER9019; optional Digital Video Cartridge 22ER9956 and I/O port splitter 22ER9208; "©1994 Philips Interactive Media Systems", 3104 125 21041. Hosted as File:Magnavox CDI450 CDI550 Operating Instructions.pdf.
- ↑ The New International CD-i Association, "Philips' version indication method" (retrieved 2026-10-20): /00 Europe mainland, /05 UK, /11 Japan, /17 US.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 Retrostuff, "Philips CDI550 and CDI450", 26 June 2020 (retrieved 2026-10-20): the CDI 550 is a CDI 450 with the DVC preinstalled; main board label 3104 128 0248 CDI450; board revisions 3104 123 4090.4 and 4090.6 with system ROMs R1.1 and R1.3; M48T08 timekeepers.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Philips, CDI 450 service manual, section 8.2 Partslist of the mainboard (pp. PCS 72 143 to 72 147): capacitors 2110 to 2526, with the electrolytics identified by their 4822 124 part numbers and µF values; semiconductors 7110 and 7118 HM514270ATT-7, 7125 VDSC, 7160 BT9106KPJ, 7201 IKAT, 7210 SCC68070CCA84, 7240 system ROM, 7241 MK48T08B15, 7301 PAL 16L8-10, 7302 PAL 16L4-10, 7310 CIAP1.5, 7401 TDA1301T/N1, 7510 CD60. Hosted as File:Philips CDI 450 Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ Retrostuff, "Philips CDI450 32 KB NVRAM Upgrade", 29 August 2021 (retrieved 2026-10-20): system ROMs cdi450a11 (R1.1), cdi450a13 (R1.3) and cdi450a14 (R1.4), all ROM ID 50.
- ↑ Retrostuff, "Modifications for Philips CD-i Players" (retrieved 2026-10-20), section "Roboco (Mono III-based)": players 450, 550, 5000, 9000, GDI-750 and GDI-1000; video encoder BT9106KPJ; 8 KB NVRAM; CDM 12.1T; PSU 20PS301 (22ER9156).
- ↑ Magnavox, CDI450 / CDI550 Operating Instructions, p. 19, Specifications: 120 V AC 60 Hz, 28 W with and 21 W without Digital Video Cartridge (22ER9956), weight 1,460 kg with and 1,210 kg without the cartridge, dimensions with the cover closed and open. Hosted as File:Magnavox CDI450 CDI550 Operating Instructions.pdf.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 Philips, CDI 450 service manual, section 8.3 Partslist of the power supply unit (p. PCS 72 147): power supplies /00 4822 214 52166, /05 52167, /11 52168, /17 52169. Hosted as File:Philips CDI 450 Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ Philips, CDI 450 service manual, section 6.3 Power supply unit (p. PCS 72 132): PCB layout and circuit diagram, including fuse 1101 T500mA L 250V, output fuses 1201, 1202 and 1203 (MP400), controller UC3842AN, STP6N60FI, TL431, CNX82A, MC79M05CT and the output wires 0201 to 0208. Hosted as File:Philips CDI 450 Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ Retrostuff, "NVRAM+RTC Solutions for Philips CD-i Players", 2021, updated 2025 (retrieved 2026-10-20): the 8 KB timekeeper chips in low-end players including the CDI 450, their internal BR1225 cell, the failure symptoms (loss of data and date, light blue screen, memory full error) and replacements.
- ↑ Retrostuff, "Philips CDM 12.1T Laser Sledge Replacement", 27 July 2021 (retrieved 2026-10-20): replacing the laser sledges of two CDI 450 players with unreliable or no disc recognition; cleaning and greasing the mechanism.
- ↑ Philips, CDI 450 service manual, sections 7.2 and 7.3 (pp. PCS 72 140 to 72 142): troubleshooting hints, supply voltage checks at the key components and clock frequencies. Hosted as File:Philips CDI 450 Service Manual.pdf.