Philips P2000C
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| The P2000C with its keyboard, from the cover of Philips's System Reference and Service Manual | |
| Specifications | |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | Philips |
| Type | Portable computer |
| Released | 1982[1] |
| CPU | Two Zilog Z80A: 4 MHz on the mainboard (2 MHz while running from ROM), 3.072 MHz on the terminal board[2][3] |
| Memory | 64 KB on the mainboard, 32 KB video memory on the terminal board; optional 256 KB RAM board[4] |
| Storage | Two 5.25-inch TEAC FD 55 floppy drives, 160 KB or 640 KB each[4][5] |
| Display | Built-in 9-inch green monochrome monitor, 24 lines of 80 characters; graphics up to 512 × 252 dots[4][6] |
| Sound | — |
| Power | Internal switch-mode supply, 82 W, 90 to 140 V or 180 to 264 V[7] |
| Dimensions | 540 × 360 × 210 mm, with the keyboard[8] |
| Weight | 15.4 kg[8] |
| OS / Firmware | CP/M or the p-System (Pascal)[4] |
The Philips P2000C is a portable CP/M computer with a built-in 9-inch green screen, two 5.25-inch floppy drives and a detachable keyboard, all in one case with a carrying strap.[4][9] It shares its name with the Philips P2000T and Philips P2000M but not their design: inside it are two separate Z80A computers, a mainboard that runs the operating system and a terminal board that drives the screen and keyboard, linked by a serial line.[4][10]
History
[edit | edit source]Wikipedia dates the P2000C to 1982.[1] Philips's System Reference and Service Manual carries a 1984 copyright, and its spare part catalogue covers the P 2010 and P 2012 and the options.[11][12] The parts marked for factory stock were held by Philips's Austrian company in Vienna.[12]
Hardware
[edit | edit source]| Unit | Detail |
|---|---|
| Mainboard | Z80A CPU, 64 KB of HM 4864 dynamic RAM, IPL ROM, 8257 DMA controller, µPD765 floppy controller, SASI hard disk interface, Z80A SIO, two Z80A CTCs, 8251A USART |
| Terminal board | Z80A CPU, MC6845 CRT controller, two 16 KB RAM banks (video, and attributes and graphics), an 8 KB and a 4 KB ROM, Z80A CTC, 8251A USART, keyboard scanning |
| Monitor | Mitsubishi NT-1002XU, 9-inch monochrome (green); serviced by replacement |
| Disk drives | Two TEAC FD 55A (160 KB, single sided, 48 tpi) or FD 55F (640 KB, double sided, 96 tpi) |
| Power supply | Switch-mode unit, 82 W, +5 V, +12 V, +12 V for the monitor and -12 V; serviced by replacement |
| Power distribution panel | Behind the front mask, clipped in place |
| Keyboard | Separate unit on a spiral cable, with a shift lock LED |
Two processors
[edit | edit source]The mainboard is a complete CP/M computer. Its Z80A runs at 4 MHz from RAM and drops to 2 MHz when it runs from the slower ROMs, including during the initial program load.[2][16] The terminal board is a second Z80A computer with its own firmware. It runs the screen and keyboard and talks to the mainboard over an asynchronous serial link at 19,200 baud, so the mainboard can also be used with an external terminal and the terminal board as an intelligent terminal.[4][10][6]
Screen and keyboard
[edit | edit source]The terminal firmware gives 24 lines of 80 characters with underline, invert, blink and four intensity levels, teletext-style block graphics, and two high-resolution modes, 512 × 252 dots or 256 × 252 dots in three intensities.[6] The keyboard holds only the key matrix and a few TTL chips. It is scanned in step with the screen refresh: a pressed key triggers the light pen input of the CRT controller, which identifies the key, so the keyboard works only while the video circuits are running.[9] For carrying, the keyboard fits over the front of the case and is held by the carrying strap.[9]
Connections
[edit | edit source]The rear panel has the printer connection, the communications connection, the hard disk (SASI) connection, an external video output, a connection for external disk drives, a common earth point for peripherals and positions for an IEEE connector and an external terminal connection. The mains connection is inside a compartment, where the mains cable and keyboard cable are stowed for carrying.[17][9] The mainboard can drive four floppy drives, two inside and two outside.[15]
Options
[edit | edit source]Two option boards fit the mainboard's extension connector: the P2092 memory extension, the 256 KB RAM board that the manual also calls the RAM floppy board, and the P2091 IEEE board.[4][15][18]
Maintenance and repair
[edit | edit source]Philips designed the power supply and the monitor to be serviced by replacement, so its manual covers them only for go/no-go testing and adjustment. The mainboard and terminal board are documented to component level.[7][14][12]
- Philips P2000C General Maintenance: opening the case, removing units, monitor and disk controller adjustments
- Philips P2000C Troubleshooting Guide: the built-in debugger and self-tests, the maintenance program, faults found in a restoration
- Philips P2000C Capacitor Replacement Guide: electrolytics from the spare part catalogue, and the power supply
- Philips P2000C Documentation: the System Reference and Service Manual
Related pages
[edit | edit source]References
[edit | edit source]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Wikipedia, "Philips P2000", section P2000C. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philips_P2000
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Philips, P 2000 C System Reference and Service Manual, Part 3, section 3.2, Mainboard, CPU (PDF pages 93 to 96): 4 MHz from RAM, 2 MHz from ROM. Hosted as File:Philips P2000C System Reference and Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ Philips, P 2000 C System Reference and Service Manual, Part 3, section 3.3, Terminalboard, CPU, p. 2-2 (PDF page 166). Hosted as File:Philips P2000C System Reference and Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 Philips, P 2000 C System Reference and Service Manual, Part 1, Introduction, p. 1-1 (PDF page 17). Hosted as File:Philips P2000C System Reference and Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Philips, P 2000 C System Reference and Service Manual, Part 3, section 3.6, Disk Drives, p. 1-1 (PDF page 229). Hosted as File:Philips P2000C System Reference and Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Philips, P 2000 C System Reference and Service Manual, Part 2, section 2.1, Terminal Board Firmware, pp. 4-2 and 4-3 (PDF pages 46 and 47). Hosted as File:Philips P2000C System Reference and Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Philips, P 2000 C System Reference and Service Manual, Part 3, section 3.1, Power Supply, pp. 1-1 to 1-3 (PDF pages 77 to 79). Hosted as File:Philips P2000C System Reference and Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Philips, P 2000 C System Reference and Service Manual, Part 2, section 2.2, p. 1-4, dimensions of system components (PDF page 68). Hosted as File:Philips P2000C System Reference and Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 Philips, P 2000 C System Reference and Service Manual, Part 3, section 3.4, Keyboard, pp. 1-1 and 1-2 (PDF pages 221 and 222). Hosted as File:Philips P2000C System Reference and Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Philips, P 2000 C System Reference and Service Manual, Part 3, section 3.3, Terminalboard, introduction, p. 1-1 (PDF page 163). Hosted as File:Philips P2000C System Reference and Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ Philips, P 2000 C System Reference and Service Manual, 5103 993 30422, 1984, title page (PDF page 1). Hosted as File:Philips P2000C System Reference and Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 Philips, P 2000 C System Reference and Service Manual, Part 4, section 4.2, Spare Part Catalogue (PDF pages 287 to 314). Hosted as File:Philips P2000C System Reference and Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ Philips, P 2000 C System Reference and Service Manual, Part 3, introduction, p. 0-1, main units (PDF page 73). Hosted as File:Philips P2000C System Reference and Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 Philips, P 2000 C System Reference and Service Manual, Part 3, section 3.5, Monitor, p. 1-1 (PDF page 225). Hosted as File:Philips P2000C System Reference and Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Philips, P 2000 C System Reference and Service Manual, Part 4, section 4.1, Removal and Replacement of Assemblies and Units, pp. 1-3, 1-5 and 1-7 (PDF pages 257, 259 and 261). Hosted as File:Philips P2000C System Reference and Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ Philips, P 2000 C System Reference and Service Manual, Part 3, section 3.2, Mainboard, Clock Generator and IPL ROM (PDF pages 108 and 127). Hosted as File:Philips P2000C System Reference and Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ Philips, P 2000 C System Reference and Service Manual, Part 2, section 2.2, Hardware Configuration, pp. 1-1 and 1-2, figure 1.1, rear panel (PDF pages 65 and 66). Hosted as File:Philips P2000C System Reference and Service Manual.pdf.
- ↑ Philips, P 2000 C System Reference and Service Manual, table of contents, pp. xiii and xiv, chapters 7 (memory extension P2092, with cache memory) and 8 (IEEE extension P2091) (PDF pages 11 and 12). Hosted as File:Philips P2000C System Reference and Service Manual.pdf.